
Victorian silver gilt filigree bracelet, Morocco
Price: £95
An Arts and Crafts small Brass serving Tray, English early twentieth century
Price: £40
Art Deco Scottish agate necklace
Price: £125
Heavy silver curb collar necklace, Mexico 1970s
Price: £125
Cup : Marriage and Coronation of King George V and Queen Mary, 1911
Price: £10Production of this piece was presumably contemporary with the coronation in 1911 and many similar pieces were made by other factories at the time, more often in a straight sided mug shape. The form here suggests that there might have been an original saucer but none seem to have survived.

Chinese Shoushan Soapstone Seal with the characters A.H., C20th
Price: £45
Chinese Cantonese style Vase decorated butterflies, late C20th
Price: £150
Edwardian Scottish bloodstone bar brooch c1910
Price: £30
Bone parquetry box decorated in the manner of Fornasetti, Venetian, mid C20th
Price: £85
An Arts and Crafts small Brass Tray, English early twentieth century
Price: £40
French cockerel brooch 1920s
Price: £75
A gilt metal and onyx figure of a Cherub holding a Globe 1960s
Price: £45
Two Wood Boxes : Marriage of Charles and Diana, Birth of Prince William, late C20th
Price: £15
An Art Deco ceramic group of two Fish by Guido Cacciapuoti, signed, 1930s
Price: £150Guido Cacciapuoti was a celebrated Italian ceramicist. Born in Naples in 1892 and from a family with a tradition in the creation of majolica pottery, Guido exhibited his work widely in the 1920s and finally, in collaboration with his brother, Mario, and Angelo Bignami as the administrative and commercial director, he founded the factory ‘Gres d'Arte Cacciapuoti Bignami & C.' in Milan in 1927. Mario unfortunately died three years later leaving Guido to carry on on his own until his death in 1953.
In the 1930s, Guido’s workshop became famous for the production of ceramic animal sculptures with fish being a particular speciality. More commonly seen are groups of John Dory, again with a red glaze, but the smoother lines here and the particularly intense colour reflect more closely the contemporary Art Deco style. Sought after in their own time, with patrons such as the King of Italy and Mussolini, Guido’s works are highly collectible today and this group would make a striking addition to a collection of Art Deco ceramics with considerable decorative appeal.

Arts and Crafts Stumpwork Firescreen 1900
Price: £25
Baroque Style Picture Frame with Still Life, C20th
Price: £25
Four Papier-mâché Trinket Boxes, Kashmir, mid C20th
Price: £35
Vase with signature E.Radford and numbered 1267, mid C20th
Estimate: £20 – 30
Italian silver Cuff Bangle with chainmail decoration, modern
Price: £30
Chinese Silver Bangle with Dragon Heads, C20th
Price: £45
Egyptian table decoration depicting a Pharoah and Attendant, c1940
Price: £45
Uredale Glass Vase, late C20th/early C21st
Price: £55
Small Chinese Gilt Ground Cloisonné Bowl, C20th
Price: £35
Maud Frizon Handbag c2000
Price: £150
Loetz style glass Bowl, early C20th
Price: £110Most of the original Loetz pieces were not signed and there were many contemporary manufacturers making pieces in a similar style. There are, furthermore, modern reproductions. The attribution ‘Loetz’, is, inevitably, generously and loosely applied but sometimes true certainty is hard to achieve. Much information and assistance can be obtained from the website Loetz.com. On that basis this attractive bowl with its crimped rim and wavy line design on a purple ground is best regarded as Loetz style but probably contemporary with the output of the Loetz factory itself. It has great decorative appeal nevertheless.

Burmese Black Lacquer and Gilt Scroll Stand, C20th
Price: £25
Victorian Indian paste pendant
Price: £55
Pair of Victorian marcasite and silver earrings
Price: £25
Mounted aquatint engraving of a Courting Couple, signed, probably French C20th
Price: £45
Egyptian silver cuff bangle with portait plaques of Pharoahs
Price: £85
Fine Quality engraved French Glass Dish with naturalistic Ormolu Mounts, early C20th
Price: £25
Japanese Gouache Painting of Flowering Lotus, signed and framed, C20th
Price: £45
Wall plaque by Giovanni Schoeman depicting classical style figures, 1970s
Price: £75While Art Nouveau in style, Schoeman only perfected these techniques in the late 1960s, producing pieces in the style from a studio in Kentish Town which sold well in the London outdoor art markets. In the late 1970s, Schoeman moved to America with the intention of producing large scale art but the venture foundered and he died in 1981. This plaque, of which other examples are known, must have been one of his most popular designs in those London years and is a striking example of the techniques he developed and mastered.

Chinese cloisonne bangle with raised enamel decoration circa 1900
Price: £35
Chinese Sancai Glaze Model of a Horse in the Tang Dynasty Style, 20th Century
Price: £45
A group of twenty assorted artists Stamps in H&R Johnson sample Box, C20th
Price: £75
Earthenware Jug, Falstaff or Old King Cole, Furnival and Clark, mid C19th
Price: £75The design for this jug, usually termed ‘Falstaff’ but sometimes ‘Old King Cole’ is known to have been registered (Rd.No. 32601)by the firm Furnival and Clark on December 30th 1845. This was a very short lived partnership between Thomas Furnival and Richard Clark, based at the Stafford Street Pottery Works, Hanley, Staffordshire and which traded from 1844 to 1846 apparently producing just this one model, albeit in a variety of colours. Thomas Furnival had been involved in other firms before this brief venture and was to be involved in others afterwards. The dating of these mugs is usually attributed to the short period when Furnival and Clark traded but it is quite possible that more pieces were produced afterwards by Furnival himself. The paste and finish of this piece, though, which is not marked, certainly suggest a mid nineteenth century dating. In general, the model is quite rare. Some examples were fitted with a Britannia metal or pewter lid but this was never integral to the piece. This striking composition, then, is a rare and desirable item collectors with an interest in British Staffordshire wares.

Dutch Delft Blue and White Gourd Vase in C18th Style, late C20th
Estimate: £20 – 30
Set of three Wade Bramble Pattern teaware items, 1950s
Price: £25Wade Ceramics Ltd was a manufacturer of porcelain and earthenware, headquartered in Stoke-on-Trent, England. Founded in 1867, it was run by various members of the Wade family until the death of George Anthony Wade in 1987 after which there was a succession of management buyouts. Despite substantial investment in 2009, the firm eventually went into administration in 2022. Wade produced a wide variety of ceramics, including the well known Wade Whimsies animal figurines. A pair of Art Deco green glazed ‘salts’ are also included in this sale. The ‘Bramble’ design was created in the 1950s and a wide variety of tea service shapes were produced in the pattern. Collectors today can attempt to assemble examples from the whole of the range, towards which these three pieces might provide some assistance.

Japanese Ceramic Figural Group of two Geisha, late C19th
Price: £25
Edwardian rolled gold and white agate brooch, c1910
Price: £45
Exceptional Paste necklace 1940s
Price: £25
Black glass apple pendant on a long chain, 1980s
Price: £25PLEASE NOTE THAT THERE IS FREE UK SHIPPING ON THIS ITEM. For international buyers the shipping cost will be reduced by the UK shipping cost, so don't worry if you are outside the UK, you still receive this benefit!

Pair of Navajo Kingman turquiose earrings, signed, 1970s
Price: £65
Chinese Yellow Ground Famille Rose Charger, 1950s/early 1960s
Price: £55This is a fine example of the porcelains made at Jingdezhen, for centuries the chief centre of ceramic production in China, in the early years of the People’s Republic of China (1949-). Soon after the communists took control, the kilns at Jingdezhen were organised into co-operatives, each with a number. Many of their pieces were marked and the form of the mark determines the date of production. The circular marks, as here, were the earliest allowing a dating of this charger to the 1950s or possibly the early 1960s. Some of these conglomerates, for the quality can vary, retained the skills of their predecessors and produced works of high quality. This is clearly seen here in the careful and precise enamelling and the general artistry of the design employing ‘imperial’ yellow with the symbolism of happiness (bats), longevity (shou symbols), friendship and a life of ease (chrysanthemum) and fruitfulness and offspring (lotus), all combining to produce a piece well worthy of its many predecessors.
Please note that the wood stand is for display purposes only and is not incuded with this lot.

Signed Watercolour of Farm Buildings, Richard Akerman (1942-2005), dated 1981
Price: £110..............................................................................…………………………………………………………………………………………..............................…
Richard Akerman was born in London in 1942. He attended the Hornsey College of Arts and Crafts in the early 1960s, studying a general fine art course which incorporated printmaking and sculpture. His first exhibition was at the Obelisk Gallery in Crawford Street, London, where his work was displayed alongside works by famous surrealists such as Man Ray and Salvador Dali, implying that the style of his early work matched that of his more famous contemporaries. Years of travel followed in both Europe and the Far East and this seems to have turned him to painting in a more coventional style. A succession of watercolours was to follow with subjects ranging from still life and flowers to garden and architectural subjects. His work became immensely popular through the prints made from his original paintings, indeed such was the demand for them that he rivalled Monet as a subject for reproduction in this medium becoming, in a sense, quite a household name with exhibitions of his work internationally.
The path to success, however, was not straightforward and one account of him, written by his son Marcus, mentions running a hot dog stand alongside joining the artists with their weekend displays of works for sale on the railings at Kensington Gardens. Convivial and outgoing (a self portrait captures him well : see image 9), Akerman was married with three children and spent the latter years of his life in Spain where he sadly died after an accident in 2005.
But his work survives him and the prints produced in his lifetime can still be obtained today, giving an accesible overview of his output. The style is approachable with an attractive use of colour and often slightly impressionistic brushwork. But there are works executed in a more precise style, for example a signed watercolour ‘Hot House Flowers’, exhibited by the Edinburgh Gallery in 1994 (see image 10) and this is seen in the work we have on offer. The location of this group of farm buildings is uncertain but Akerman painted similar scenes which appear to be located in Kent and this may well be the case here. Original watercolours by Akerman are not so easily found but what increases the rarity and interest of our picture is that the artist’s signature, done in a slightly more precise hand than the signatures found in the reproduction prints, has the date in addition (’81). We have been unable to find any other example of this and it leads to the possibility that this is a work which the artist painted for himself. Certainly there are no reproductions of it. If so, then it is of particular interest and more than worthy of inclusion in a collection C20th British watercolourists with the addition of being an original creation by an artist who enjoyed such great popularity with the general public.

Studio Pottery Vase with flambé glaze, C20th
Price: £75
Victorian large 9ct gold brooch set with amber c1900
Price: £200
Novelty ceramic Wall Vase in the form of a Gretsch Guitar, English, 1950s
Price: £25
Charming pair of silver piglet earrings
Price: £35
Unusual Victorian style earrings
Price: £15
Native American Zuni silver cuff bracelet c1970
Price: £125
Pair of Lovatt and Lovatt Langley Mill Vases, early C20th
Price: £110The Langley Mill Pottery was located in Langley Mill, Derbyshire on the Derbyshire – Nottinghamshire border. From its establishment in 1865 to its final closure in 1982, it went through five distinct periods of ownership, producing a wide range of stoneware ranging from utilitarian items and to high quality art pottery. This pair of vases dates from the third company that traded there, Lovatt and Lovatt. The Lovatt family had entered into partnership with the owner of the founding business at Langley Mill, James Calvert. From 1895 the business was in sole control of the Lovatt family and traded as ‘Lovatt and Lovatt’ until 1935. The early years of the twentieth century proved to be something of a zenith for them and a wide range of art pottery pieces were made which enjoyed great popularity. Production techniques were streamlined without a reduction in quality and in 1905, leadless glazes were introduced. These are proudly announced on the base of this pair of vases which are an excellent example of the Lovatt and Lovatt style and probably date to 1912, indicated by the impressed numbers for that year.

Framed Picture of Two Elephants signed Mary Beth Zeitz and dated 2003
Price: £25
Two Wedgwood Glass paperweights designed by Ronald Stennett-Wilson, late C20th
Price: £40
Striking continental silver modernist bracelet c1960
Price: £55
American 1980s statement necklace with intaglio pendants
Price: £55PLEASE NOTE THAT THERE IS FREE UK SHIPPING ON THIS ITEM. For international buyers the shipping cost will be reduced by the UK shipping cost, so don't worry if you are outside the UK, you still receive this benefit!

Carved Chinese brown jade necklace
Price: £55
Victorian small note pad for chatelaine
Price: £45
Taxco silver elephant cuff bracelet c1970
Price: £85
Mexican Silver Bolo Tie with Aztec mask Head, Taxco, c1950
Price: £125
Chinese style Vase and Cover decorated with ladies and courtiers in a garden scene, C20th
Price: £55
Japanese Seto Ware Blue and White Vase, late C19th
Price: £450A fine quality Japanese porcelain vase, the ovoid body with a curved flaring foot and rising to a tall concave neck with a well defined shoulder, applied elephant and ring handles to the sides and a galleried rim, decorated in bright underglaze blue with two bands of stylised flowering chrysanthemum at the top and bottom between a continuous scene of flowering peony and chrysanthemum, the top rim with repeating whorl design on the exterior and stylised leaf design inside, the stepped base glazed white.
The kilns at Seto in the Aichi prefecture of Japan and situated close to Nagoya form one of the traditional ‘Nihon Rokkoyo’, the six old kilns of medieval Japan. The location of Seto was ideal for the production of ceramics with an abundance nearby of both porcelain clay and forests to provide firewood for the kilns. Production began as early as the Heian period (794-1185) and continued without a break thereafter, the earlier pieces being more pottery forms copying Chinese wares. It was in the early nineteenth century that the kilns turned to producing porcelains decorated in underglaze blue and white, a development initiated by the potter Tamikichi Kato who went to Arita to learn the techniques of its production there, returning to Seto in 1807. Production grew and developed and was directed towards the export market in the Meiji period (1868-1912) with Seto wares being displayed at the European and North American exhibitions and fairs. Their delicately painted designs of birds and flowers proved to be immensely popular and were, in their time, to influence Art Nouveau and Art Deco designs. Some of the forms produced were truly virtuoso creations including, besides vases, screens, jardinieres and even ceramic tables.
Signed pieces are known and besides Tamikichi Kato the distinguished potters included the Kichiemon brothers, Kato Chuji and Kawamoto Jihyoe, and Kawamoto Hansuke. But not all the best pieces carried an artist’s signature as this vase well demonstrates. Formed from fine quality clay, as can be seen from the foot rim (image 10), the complex shape with its spreading base, angled shoulder and galleried rim would have been difficult to create. The handles show remarkable skill with the rings somehow formed so as to hang loose (presumably some form of kiln waster technique was used). The detail and artistry of the painting speaks for itself. Note in particular the shading effects on the peony flowers. While not perhaps an exhibition piece, this vase is definitely of exhibition quality and would be a worthy addition to a collection of nineteenth century Japanese ceramic art.

Art Deco Vase, Springtime, Price Brothers, Staffordshire, 1930s
Estimate: £20 – 30
Pair of Edwardian Chinese silver brooches, c. 1910
Price: £25
Royal Doulton bottle form Vase decorated with flowering lotus, early 20th Century
Price: £75The Doulton pottery originally had its first factory in Lambeth, London. Set up in 1815 by John Doulton, who is rumoured to have spent his life savings of £100 in starting the business, the firm concentrated on making pipes and utilitarian works. But in the 1880s the Company moved to Staffordshire and began making fine bone china tableware and decorative items. The pottery was located in Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent and has manufactured high quality ceramics and porcelains ever since, receiving a Royal Warrant in 1901.
This piece is typical of the glazed pottery pieces made in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A muted palette of colours was used and a variety of forms created with many artists taking a hand in the decoration. Most of the pieces are signed, as here. The pattern number indicates a date after 1894, but the Royal Warrant mark means a dating in the early 1900s. Perhaps a timing in the Edwardian era (1901-1910) is the most likely.
This vase is an excellent example of the creative designs which Doulton produced. As often, there is a slight Oriental influence but the style and design are unmistakeable.

Daum Crystal Glass Swallowtail Bowl, signed Daum-France circa 1960
Price: £150Vases in this form were produced by the well known French maker Daum in the 1950s and the 1960s. The sizes and designs can vary with some examples measuring up to two feet and intended as table ornaments. This piece is rather smaller and perhaps more elegant. The crystal glass is of extremely high quality and reflects the light in a very attractive way. The weight is good and the glass itself is thickly blown and expertly formed, The flat base shows signs of bevelled edging at the exterior and one of the sides bears the typical etched Daum mark with 'Daum' and 'France' separated by a device comprising an upright line with two crosses.
The more petite size and the quality of the manufacture and design make this a most appealing example of Daum's work at its best. Dating can be assumed to be around 1960 if not slightly before. A desirable piece indeed for collectors of twentieth century art glass.

Taxco Silver and Copper Bracelet, c1940
Price: £55
Indian wooden toy model of a Horse with metal fitments, early C20th
Price: £25
Long lapis lazuli bead necklace c1980
Price: £30
Very fine Indian silver repousse plaque Necklace, c1970
Price: £85
Past Times Art Nouveau Style Vase, Veronese Collection, 2004
Price: £45‘Past Times’ was founded in 1986 by John Beale, at first as a mail order company but then trading from physical stores and developing into a business which enjoyed enormous popularity with over one hundred shops in the early 2000s. The stock was focused on retro and vintage style items also including a wide range of licensed products, such as Harry Potter and Beatrix Potter merchandise. Badly impacted by the recession in 2008 it went into administration in 2012 and was bought by W.H.Smith a year later leading to the disappearance of its products from the marketplace.
This ‘Art Nouveau’ vase can be seen as an example of their range at its best. Manufactured with care it presents an appealing souvenir of the era it aims to recreate at a rather more affordable price than the authentic originals.

Victorian enamel buckle c1900
Price: £45
1940s Dutch coin braclet
Price: £35
Framed Stumpwork Panel depicting a Bowl of Flowers, English, 1930s
Estimate: £30 – 40
Modernist Silver White Anthurium Brooch, Mexico, 1970s
Price: £25
Minton Indian Tree Pattern Pitcher and Basin circa 1900
Price: £350………………………………………………………………………………………………….................................................................................
The celebrated firm of Mintons was founded by in 1793 by Thomas Minton (1765–1836) at Stoke-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, England as ‘Thomas Minton and Sons’, producing earthenware. The initial ranges were standard tablewares in blue transfer-printed or painted earthenware, including the ever-popular Willow pattern. By the mid nineteenth century and in partnership with Michael Hollins, Mintons began the production of decorative finishes for the interior and in particular floor tiles which enjoyed enormous demand and were the subject of numerous prestigious commissions including a contract for the flooring of the American Capitol. This was followed by the introduction of the plain white glazed ‘Parian’ wares and then the Italian inspired ‘majolica’ pieces with their richly coloured lead glazes. Mintons continued to follow popular trends, working with Christopher Dresser, recruiting Louis Solon from Sevres who had developed pâte-sur-pâte wares and finally contributing to Art Nouveau ceramics with a speciality in secessionist wares.
But the manufacture of tableware continued alongside all these other developments and Mintons adopted and adapted the popular ‘Indian Tree’ pattern which was first produced by Coalport in 1801. This design fused elements from Indian textiles and Chinese ceramics into an amalgam with immediate appeal. The pattern includes the crooked branch of a tree and a partial landscape including exotic flowers and leaves with a palette of colours emphasising green, blue, pink, and orange, resembling quite closely the Chinese export wares decorated in ‘Famille Rose’ enamels which had been exported to Europe in great quantities in the eighteenth century. Many of Coalport’s rivals, including Spode, Wedgwood and Royal Worcester produced their own versions of the design, but Mintons’ interpretation was held to be one of the most successful.
It was used by Mintons to decorate a variety of shapes, mainly dinner and tea wares, but the toilet pitcher and matching basin are seldom found in this pattern. Both the forms are extremely elegant, the pitcher with light fluting, a scalloped rim and a complementary handle, while the basin, also lightly fluted, employs simple lines with a turnover rim which follow the shape of a Chinese original. All the standard elements of the pattern can be seen, in particular the twisted tree, and the diaper work borders again reflect Chinese originals.
Both pieces are marked with the pattern number ‘T 216’ and a Minton stamp, the form of which allows fairly accurate dating. The globe topped by a crown with the banner ‘Mintons’ was used from 1873-1912 but ‘England’ was only added after 1891, giving a circa date in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century, probably around 1900. The original toilet set, which would have included the pitcher and basin along with, probably, a chamber pot, a soap dish, candlesticks and other accessories, was clearly a ‘deluxe’ item at the time and its quality is still apparent today when it can be enjoyed simply for its decorative appeal and as a reminder of a past era of grandeur.

Lithograph Print, Le Pont Alexandre III in Paris, signed Herbelot, 1950s/1960s
Estimate: £30 – 40
Cranberry Glass Vase circa 1900
Price: £30
Victorian Egyptian Revival motif necklace with red stones c1900
Price: £85
Pewter and brass box and cover in the form of a Mallard Duck, Gatco, Hong Kong, 1960s
Price: £25
Intricate Czech glass necklace 1930s
Price: £65
Group lot of three jade necklaces
Price: £45
Burmese Lacquer Three Section Betel Box, early C20th
Price: £95The betel box seems to be mainly confined to Burmah, now Myanmar, and was normally made using the lacquer techniques for which the country was so well known. A woven bamboo, or sometimes cane or wood, base (which can be seen here where the lacquer has flaked away : see image 12) was covered in multiple layers of lacquer paste, each allowed to dry and then polished, and finally the piece was decorated. The format here is typical : an upper section with a tray on top covered by a lid which fits on to a lower section also with a tray on the top. The trays are coloured red on the inside and black on the outside, the lid and the boxes orange on the inside. The exterior decoration of the two section body and the base of the lid employs a wide mixture of narrow bands, some indented and some raised, with a broader band of repeated stylised floral decoration at the top and another with modelled vertical line decoration below. The base is slightly flared and the lid slightly very slightly domed. The top of the lid has a densely packed design comprising temples and dancing figures and the base a design of circles and waves. As with many of these boxes great care was taken in the ornamentation and this example was, perhaps, made for one of the wealthier households.
Dating of these boxes is put in the early years of the twentieth century and they survive as a memento of a tradition which is still practised, but with less elaborate accessories, in the present day.

Vintage Needlepoint Picture of a lady dressed in a crinoline, framed, probably 1930s
Price: £25
Vintage Brass Pocket Case with a lid, probably a Vesta case for Matches, circa 1900
Price: £55
Japanese Kutani Dish decorated with the Thousand Faces pattern, first half C20th
Price: £45The colourings and style of work here clearly indicate the workshops of Kutani (the word means 'nine valleys') in the former Kaga province of Japan. By the nineteenth century the majority of their pieces were decorated in iron red and gold but sometimes with other colours in addition, as here. The ‘thousand faces’ pattern (an apocryphal term and this cataloguer has not attempted to count the number of faces appearing here) seems to have been evolved around the end of the nineteenth century and then continued in production until the mid twentieth. Both plates in various sizes and even tea sets are found in the design. The mark ‘Made in Japan’ was usually employed after 1941 (in the previous twenty years ‘Japan’ was the norm) but there are exceptions and the paste of the foot rim here does suggest a slightly earlier date, perhaps around 1930. In perfect condition, with very little wear to the decoration, this piece is a fine example of a rather eccentric decorative patttern.

Charming small amber pendant brooch set as an owl c2000
Price: £15
Outstanding Art Deco necklace with French jet and rock crystal beads c1920
Price: £175
Art Deco continental black spinel and marcasite ring, 1920s
Price: £35
Egyptian Revival scarab ring, 1930s
Price: £25
Cruet set in the form of three Friar Tuck Monks on a Tray, Hummel, West Germany, 1960s
Price: £55
Vintage Needlepoint Picture of a Garden Scene, framed, second half C20th
Price: £25
Classic black crocodile handbag 1940s
Price: £75
Pair of Italian faux tortoiseshell earrings, 1980s
Price: £15PLEASE NOTE THAT THERE IS FREE UK SHIPPING ON THIS ITEM. For international buyers the shipping cost will be reduced by the UK shipping cost, so don't worry if you are outside the UK, you still receive this benefit!

Indian carved Soapstone Figure of an Elephant and Baby Elephant
Price: £25
Set of Three Empire Porcelain Company Biscuit Jars circa 1900
Price: £120The Empire Porcelain Company was established in 1896 at the Empire Works in Stoke Road, Hanley, Stoke on Trent. A wide range of pottery and porcelain was subsequently produced until the factory’s closure in 1967. The various marks include the initials EPC, EP or the word Empire. The form of the mark seen here occurs on the earliest pieces made between 1896 and 1912. Blue ground pieces with mythological scenes were produced in a variety of forms during this period, some decorative, such as ornamental vases, and some more practical, as here : modest but graceful accessories for the Edwardian drawing room.
